Heat Related Health Problems By Brenda Williams At Isnare.com Ezine Articles

Contrary to what many people believe, heat related health problems are not confined to hot climates. They can happen anywhere even indoors. When we exercise we sweat. Our metabolism also increases. The result is a loss of body water and electrolytes such as sodium and potassium. When these losses become severe, adverse reactions occur. These reactions can be mild or serious depending upon the severity of the water loss.

Overheating may cause heat syncope that is characterized by dizziness, fainting or near fainting, a drop in blood pressure, high temperature, and moist skin.

A loss of body sodium may result in heat cramps, which involve tightening, cramps and muscle spasms. There is no loss of consciousness but considerable pain and discomfort.

Heat exhaustion is signaled by dizziness, weakness, exhaustion, nausea and vomiting in its early stages. Usually the skin is moist and flushed but it can also be dry. The temperature is high and muscle cramps may also be present. If not treated, heat exhaustion can result in partial or total unconsciousness, and lead to heat stroke.

Heat stoke is accompanied by extremely high fever, disorientation, twitching, seizures and coma. The skin is hot and dry.

Heat stroke is a medical emergency and requires a physician's attention. The person should be evacuated to a medical emergency room as soon as possible. In the meantime the skin should be cooled by applying ice or cold water or using a fan. If oxygen is available, it should be given. Do not try to give fluids, as a person in heat stroke may not be able to swallow.

Heat syncope, heat cramps and heat exhaustion can be treated by having the patient lie down in a cool, shaded area. Loosen heavy clothing. Give water to drink and cool the body by applying cold compresses or using a fan. The person should rest for two to three hours before engaging in any activity.

Heat related problems are usually associated with athletic activity. They can be prevented if people will do the following.

Always wear lightweight loose clothing when exercising or doing heavy work. Have cold or cool water available and drink it frequently. If in a different climate, such as on vacation in a hotter area than you are accustomed to, allow yourself to acclimatize before starting to exercise. Work up to intense exercise gradually.

You do not need to take salt or calcium tablets. Your body automatically conserves salt and calcium if you drink sufficient water. However, if you are a person who tends to sweat a lot you should use more salt on your food.

You can also use commercial electrolyte drinks. However, water is cheaper and just as effective. What is important is to be sure to drink enough of it. You may need to carry it with you if it isn't readily available.

If you have had a heat related illness in the past or are especially sensitive to heat, you need to be more careful.

People who are overweight or obese are particularly susceptible to heat related illnesses and should use extra caution when engaged in physical activities, even mild ones, in hot weather.

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